INSERM U970 2 articles published in JoVE Genetics Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis Sophie Outh-Gauer1, Jérémy Augustin1, Marion Mandavit2, Ophélie Grard2, Thomas Denize1, Marine Nervo1, Charles Lépine1, Marc Rassy2, Eric Tartour2,3, Cécile Badoual1,2 1Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris Descartes University, 2Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U970, 3Laboratory of Immunology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP, Paris Descartes University Human papillomavirus (HPV) RNA chromogenic in situ hybridization is considered to be one of the gold standards for active human papillomavirus infection detection within tumors. It allows the visualization of HPV E6-E7 mRNA expression with localization and semiquantitative evaluation of its signal. Immunology and Infection Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion Magali Soyer1, Guillaume Duménil1 1Blood vessels as a target for infection, Paris center for cardiovascular research, INSERM U970 During the infection process, a key step is the adhesion of pathogens with host cells. In most instances this adhesion step occurs in the presence of mechanical stress generated by flowing liquid. We describe a technique that introduces shear stress as an important parameter in the study of bacterial adhesion.