Universidad de Buenos Aires 4 articles published in JoVE Developmental Biology Early Unguided Human Brain Organoid Neurovascular Niche Modeling into the Permissive Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Luciano Fiore1,2, Jan Arderiu3, Andrea Martí-Sarrias3,4, Isabel Turpín3,4, Ruth I. Pareja3,5, Arcadi Navarro5,6,7,8, Mariana Holubiec2,9, Julieta Bianchelli9, Tomas Falzone2,9, Gonzalo Spelzini1,2, Gabriel Scicolone1,2, Sandra Acosta3,4 1Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología, Embriología y Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3Institute of Neurosciences, Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics Dept, University of Barcelona, 4Functional Neurogenomics Group, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 5IBE, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 6Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 7Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 8BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, 9Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina (IBioBA) – CONICET – Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck Here, we present a protocol to engraft human brain organoids at multiple maturation stages into the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Brain organoids were grown following unguided standardized protocols. Bioengineering In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses Marcos Ezequiel Gramajo*1, Ryan J. Lake*2, Yi Lu3, Ana Sol Peinetti1 1INQUIMAE (CONICET), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin We provide a protocol that can be generally applied to select aptamers that bind to infectious viruses only and not to viruses that have been rendered non-infectious by a disinfection method or to any other similar viruses. This opens the possibility of determining infectivity status in portable and rapid tests. Behavior Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients Lindsay Canniff1, Miri Dainson2, Analía V. López3, Mark E. Hauber2, Tomáš Grim4, Peter Samaš5, Daniel Hanley1 1Department of Biology, Long Island University-Post, 2Department of Animal Biology, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois, 3Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 4Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology, Palacký University, 5Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic This protocol provides guidelines for running egg rejection experiments: outlining techniques for painting experimental egg models to emulate the colors of natural bird eggs, conducting fieldwork, and analyzing the collected data. This protocol provides a uniform method for conducting comparable egg rejection experiments. Neuroscience Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons Francisco J. Urbano1, Brennon R. Luster2, Stasia D'Onofrio2, Susan Mahaffey2, Edgar Garcia-Rill2 1IFIBYNE-CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, 2Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is located in the brainstem and its neurons are maximally activated during waking and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep brain states. This work describes the experimental approach to record in vitro gamma band subthreshold membrane oscillation in PPN neurons.